NEW MAGIC SQUARES WHEEL METHOD

Part IV

9x9 Magic Square Wheel

A magic square is an arrangement of numbers 1,2,3,... n² where every row, column and diagonal add up to the same magic sum S and n is also the order of the square. A magic square having all pairs of cells diametrically equidistant from the center of the square and equal to the sum of the first and last terms of the series n² + 1 is also called associated or symmetric. In addition, the center of this type of square must always contain the middle number of the series, i.e., ½(n² + 1).

A second modified facile method for the construction of wheel type magic squares is now available. The position of the spokes are rotated by 90° so that the left diagonal starts at the bottom left cell. The 5x5 square is first filled followed by the 7x7 and finally the 9x9. The 9x9 square constructed has an internal 3x3 square which is not magic but whose 5x5 and 7x7 is. In addition the partially bordered square may be everted to give an opposite square whose internal 3x3 square is the only magic square.

The new magic squares with n = 9 are constructed as follows using a complimentary table as a guide.

A 9x9 Transposed Magic Square Using the Diagonals {37,38,39,40,41,42,43,44,45} and {5,6,7,8,41,74,75,76,77}

1. The 9x9 square is to be filled with 33 numbers from the subset 1-12 and their complements 70-81 and the numbers 37-45. The spokes of the wheel are generated as follows: Numbers 37-45 in the left diagonal; numbers 5,6,7,8 and conjugates 74,75,76,77 in the right diagonal; numbers 1,2,3,4 and conjugates 76,79,80,81 in top to bottom center; and 9,10,11,12 and conjugates 70,71,72,73 in center horizontal (square A1). The addition of these pair of numbers and conjugates to the 9x9 square are shown below using directional pointed arrows:

   1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	...	37	38	39	40
   																	41
   81	80	79	78	77	76	75	74	73	72	71	70	...	45	44	43	42
   ↓				↖				→				...	↗

2. Sum up the rows and columns 1-4 and 6-9 and subtract from the magic sum 369. This gives the amounts required (shown in green Square A2). The last column shows the two amounts need to complete the row and column (shown in yellow).
3. Fill in the non-spoke cells of the internal 5x5 square with the numbers 13,15,17,18 and complements 64,66,67,69 as shown in Square A3 using four adjacent pair of numbers according to inset C in the picture (square A3):

4. Fill in the non-spoke cells of the outer rows of the internal square 7x7 with the numbers 14,17 and complements 65,68 from inset C and the rest according to inset A or B above using two adjacent pair of numbers (square A4).
5. Fill in the non-spoke cells of the outer rows of the external square 9x9 with the numbers 19-24 and complements 58-63 according to inset d above using the eight adjacent pair of numbers (square A5).
6. A6 shows the square in border form.

Conversion of the 9x9 into its transposed opposite

Generation of a 9x9 transposed opposite can also follow the route used above. Unfortunately as n > 5 their generation becomes more and more complicated. A method that obviates this is to transpose columns followed by rows. This generates a new square which is not a border square. Only the external square is magic.

1. Take square A5 and transpose (column 1 with column 4), (column 2 with column 3), (column 6 with column 9) and (column 7 with column 8) to get Square A6.
2. Take square A6 and transpose (row 1 with row 4), (row 2 with row 3), (row 6 with row 9) and (row 7 with row 8) to get Square A7.
3. In a sense A5 has been imploded or everted into A7, i.e., A5 and A7 below are opposites.

The result is a new square conforming to the same complementary table above and where the 3x3 and 9x9 are magic but the 5X5 and the 7x7 border square are not.

This completes Part IV of a 9x9 border Magic Square Wheel method. To go to Part V of an 9x9 square.
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